"Liki" v japonščini z vidika poučevanja japonščine kot tujega jezika

This paper introduces current status of "role language" and the "speaker's character" and their applications in Japanese teaching materials. Besides it studies the knowledge of Russian learners of Japanese and carefully examines their knowledge of four typical kinds of "role language" in Japanese anime and manga by using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews. From the results of the textbook research, the following two things are revealed; (a) first person pronouns except for watashi are rarely used, (b) there is not enough explanations about different "speaker's characters" in detail. Furthermore, findings of the questionnaire show that some of the learners who have the same impression of the characters as Japanese native speakers, wrongly connect a certain "role language" to illustrations of a character, and results of as much as three kinds of "role language" have a low positive correlation with the learners' results of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test. Results also reveal that all four kinds of "role language" have no correlation with other factors, such as student's duration of learning Japanese, or frequency of the use of Japanese outside the classroom.Raziskava razsvetljuje trenutno stanje raziskav o "jeziku vlog" in "govorčevemu liku" ter njuni uporabi v učnem materialu za učenje japonskega jezika. Poleg tega obravnava ruske učence japonskega jezika, in preko vprašalnika ter sledilnih intervjujev ocenjuje njihovo poznavanje štirih tipičnih "vlog jezika" v japonskih animejih in mangah. Rezultati raziskave o učnem materialu podajajo dva zaključka; (a) osebni zaimki v prvi osebi, z izjemo watashi, so zelo redki, in (b) v splošnem ni dovolj razlag o različnih "likih, ki jih predstavljajo govorci". Obenem rezultati vprašalnika razkrijejo, da nekateri ruski učenci, ki izkazujejo enak vtis o likih kot njihovi japonski kolegi, napačno povezujejo jezik določene vloge z ustreznimi ilustracijami tistega lika. Tako imajo rezultati treh tipov "jezika vlog" statistično nizko pozitivno korelacijo z učenčevimi rezultati na preizkusu znanja japonskega jezika. Nenazadnje rezultati kažejo tudi na to, da prepoznavanje štirih tipov "jezika vlog" ni odvisno od trajanja učenja japonskega jezika niti ne od uporabe japonščine izven študijskega programa